Android拍照和裁剪管理
Android 开发过程中相机拍照和裁剪上传图片功能几乎成了每个APP的必备功能,每次复制粘贴都有好多的代码,今天对拍照和裁剪功能进行整理形成工具类,以后直接调用几行代码快速集成。
[TOC]
1、本文设计到的主页功能点
- 相机拍照
- 图片裁剪,可设置裁剪比例
- 6.0 以上权限问题
- 7.0 以上 Uri 问题
- 重复拍照产出是垃圾文件
2、拍照和裁剪的工具类
/*** 相机拍照,裁剪* Created by mtf on 2019/4/26.*/public class TakePictureManager {private Activity activity;private File tempFile; // 临时存储照片private Uri outImageUri;// 相机拍照图片保存地址private static final int REQUEST_TAKE_PIC_CODE = 1000; // 请求拍照private static final int REQUEST_CROP_PICKER_CODE = 1001; // 裁剪照片private static final int CAMERA_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE = 1005; // 申请相机权限private boolean isCrop = false; // 是否需要照片裁剪,默认不需要裁剪private boolean aspectXY = false;//设置是否可以修改裁剪框比例,默认不可以修改private int aspectX = 100;private int aspectY = 101;//经过测试如果裁剪框比例设置成1:1,部分手机出现裁剪框变成圆形而不是正方形private int outputX = 600;private int outputY = 600;PicturePathListner pictureSelectListner;//选择之后照片的回调监听public TakePictureManager(Activity activity) {this.activity = activity;}public TakePictureManager(Activity activity, PicturePathListner pictureSelectListner) {this.activity = activity;this.pictureSelectListner = pictureSelectListner;}public void setPictureSelectListner(PicturePathListner pictureSelectListner) {this.pictureSelectListner = pictureSelectListner;}/*** 照片回调处理** @param requestCode* @param resultCode* @param data*/public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {switch (requestCode) {case REQUEST_TAKE_PIC_CODE:if (isCrop) {cropPicture();} else {this.pictureSelectListner.onPictureSelect(tempFile.getAbsolutePath());// 这里一定不可以用outImageUri.getPath(),因为uri保存的可能不是真实的照片地址,}break;case REQUEST_CROP_PICKER_CODE:this.pictureSelectListner.onPictureSelect(tempFile.getAbsolutePath());break;}}}/*** 调用摄像头拍照*/public void takePhoto() {if (CameraPermission()) { // 判断相机权限Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);// 判断相机是否可以打开if (cameraIntent.resolveActivity(activity.getPackageManager()) != null) {tempFile = FileUtils.getNewFile();outImageUri = getUriForFile(tempFile);cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, outImageUri);activity.startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, REQUEST_TAKE_PIC_CODE);}}}/*** 裁剪照片*/private void cropPicture() {Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");// 设置需要裁剪的图片地址intent.setDataAndType(outImageUri, "image/*");intent.putExtra("crop", "true"); // 这里必须设置为true拍照之后才会进行裁剪操作// 1.宽高和比例都不设置时,裁剪框可以自行调整(比例和大小都可以随意调整)// 2.只设置裁剪框宽高比(aspect)后,裁剪框比例固定不可调整,只能调整大小// 3.裁剪后生成图片宽高(output)的设置和裁剪框无关,只决定最终生成图片大小// 4.裁剪框宽高比例(aspect)可以和裁剪后生成图片比例(output)不同,此时, 会以裁剪框的宽为准,// 按照裁剪宽高比例生成一个图片,该图和框选部分可能不同,不同的情况可能是截取框选的一部分,// 也可能超出框选部分, 向下延伸补足// aspectX aspectY 是裁剪框宽高的比例if (!aspectXY) {intent.putExtra("aspectX", aspectX);intent.putExtra("aspectY", aspectY);}// outputX outputY 是裁剪后生成图片的宽高输出大小intent.putExtra("outputX", outputX);intent.putExtra("outputY", outputY);// return-data为true时,会直接返回bitmap数据,但是大图裁剪时会出现问题,推荐下面为false时的方式// return-data为false时,不会返回bitmap,但需要指定一个MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT保存图片uriintent.putExtra("return-data", false);// return-data为false时,设置输出的uri图片地址intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, outImageUri);// 图片输出格式//intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);//不加会出现无法加载此图片的错误intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);// 这两句是在7.0以上版本当targeVersion大于23时需要activity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CROP_PICKER_CODE);}/*** 对Uri 进行处理** @param file 返回 兼容处理后的 Uri* @return*/private Uri getUriForFile(File file) {Uri fileUri;if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { // Android 7.0系统开始 使用本地真实的Uri路径不安全,使用FileProvider封装共享UrifileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(activity, "com.mtf.picturemanage.provider", file); //一定要和 AndroidManifest.xml 中的设置的名字一样} else {fileUri = Uri.fromFile(file);}return fileUri;}/*** 判断相机权限,如果没有权限就帮忙申请了*/private Boolean CameraPermission() {if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED|| ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {Toast.makeText(activity, "您已经拒绝过一次,再次拒绝真的不可以拍照啦", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);}ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, CAMERA_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE);return false;} else {//有权限直接调用系统相机拍照return true;}}/*** 申请相机权限的回调处理** @param requestCode* @param permissions* @param grantResults*/public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {switch (requestCode) {case CAMERA_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CODE: {//调用系统相机申请拍照权限回调if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {takePhoto();} else {Toast.makeText(activity, "请您允许打开相机!!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);}break;}}}/*** 设置照片是否支持裁剪,默认为 false 不支持裁剪** @param crop* @return*/public TakePictureManager setCrop(boolean crop) {isCrop = crop;return this;}/*** 设置是否可以改变裁剪框的宽高比,默认为 false 不支持修改宽高比例** @param aspectXY* @return*/public TakePictureManager setAspectXY(boolean aspectXY) {this.aspectXY = aspectXY;return this;}/*** 设置裁剪框的宽高比例,默认为1*1** @param aspectX* @param aspectY* @return*/public TakePictureManager setAspectXY(int aspectX, int aspectY) {this.aspectX = aspectX;this.aspectY = aspectY;return this;}/*** 设置裁剪后图片的输出大小,默认为1000*1000** @param outputX* @param outputY* @return*/public TakePictureManager setOutputXY(int outputX, int outputY) {this.outputX = outputX;this.outputY = outputY;return this;}}public interface PicturePathListner {void onPictureSelect(String imagePath);//返回图片的路径}
3、文件管理类
/*** 文件管理类** Created by mtf on 2019/4/26.*/public class FileUtils {/*** 拍照缓存地址*/public static final String TAKE_PIC_CACHE_PATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+ "/picturemanage";public static File getNewFile() {File dir = new File(TAKE_PIC_CACHE_PATH);if (!dir.exists()) {dir.mkdir();}File file = new File(dir, System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");//return file;}/*** 删除单个文件** @param filePath 被删除文件的文件名* @return 文件删除成功返回true,否则返回false*/public static boolean deleteFile(String filePath) {File file = new File(filePath);if (file.isFile() && file.exists()) {return file.delete();}return false;}/*** 删除文件夹以及目录下的文件** @param filePath 被删除目录的文件路径* @return 目录删除成功返回true,否则返回false*/public static boolean deleteDirectory(String filePath) {boolean flag = false;try {// 如果filePath不以文件分隔符结尾,自动添加文件分隔符if (!filePath.endsWith(File.separator)) {filePath = filePath + File.separator;}File dirFile = new File(filePath);if (!dirFile.exists() || !dirFile.isDirectory()) {return false;}flag = true;File[] files = dirFile.listFiles();// 遍历删除文件夹下的所有文件(包括子目录)for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {if (files[i].isFile()) {// 删除子文件flag = deleteFile(files[i].getAbsolutePath());if (!flag)break;} else {// 删除子目录flag = deleteDirectory(files[i].getAbsolutePath());if (!flag)break;}}if (!flag)return false;// 删除当前空目录return dirFile.delete();} catch (Exception e) {}return false;}/*** 删除文件夹下的文件** @param filePath 被删除目录的文件路径* @return 目录删除成功返回true,否则返回false*/public static boolean deleteDirectoryFile(String filePath, Context context) {boolean flag = false;try {// 如果filePath不以文件分隔符结尾,自动添加文件分隔符if (!filePath.endsWith(File.separator)) {filePath = filePath + File.separator;}File dirFile = new File(filePath);if (!dirFile.exists() || !dirFile.isDirectory()) {return false;}flag = true;File[] files = dirFile.listFiles();if (files.length == 0) {return false;} else {// 遍历删除文件夹下的所有文件(包括子目录)for (int i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {if (files[i].isFile()) {// 删除子文件flag = deleteFile(files[i].getAbsolutePath());deletePic(files[i].getAbsolutePath(),context);if (!flag)break;} else {// 删除子目录flag = deleteDirectory(files[i].getAbsolutePath());if (!flag)break;}}}} catch (Exception e) {}if (!flag)return false;return flag;}/*** 根据路径删除指定的目录或文件,无论存在与否** @param filePath 要删除的目录或文件* @return 删除成功返回 true,否则返回 false。*/public static boolean DeleteFolder(String filePath) {File file = new File(filePath);if (!file.exists()) {return false;} else {if (file.isFile()) {// 为文件时调用删除文件方法return deleteFile(filePath);} else {// 为目录时调用删除目录方法return deleteDirectory(filePath);}}}private static void deletePic(String path, Context context) {if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(path)) {Uri uri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();String url = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "='" + path + "'";//删除图片contentResolver.delete(uri, url, null);}}}
4、图片处理类
/*** 图片裁剪压缩工具* Created by mtf on 2019/4/26.*/public class ImageUtil {/*** 根据路径获得图片信息并按比例压缩,返回bitmap*/public static Bitmap getSmallBitmap(String filePath, int width, int height) {final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;// 只解析图片边沿,获取宽高BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filePath, options);if (width == 0) {width = options.outWidth;height = options.outHeight;}// 计算缩放比options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, width, height);// 完整解析图片返回bitmapoptions.inJustDecodeBounds = false;return BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filePath, options);}/*** 计算缩放比** @param options* @param reqWidth* @param reqHeight* @return*/private static int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {final int height = options.outHeight;final int width = options.outWidth;int inSampleSize = 1;if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {final int halfHeight = height / 2;final int halfWidth = width / 2;while ((halfHeight / inSampleSize) > reqHeight && (halfWidth / inSampleSize) > reqWidth) {inSampleSize *= 2;}}return inSampleSize;}/*** 质量压缩** @param image* @param size* @param imageType* @return*/public static byte[] compressImage(Bitmap image, int size, String imageType) {try {ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();if (imageType.equalsIgnoreCase("png")) {image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, baos);} else {image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, baos);// 质量压缩方法,这里100表示不压缩,把压缩后的数据存放到baos中}int options = 100;while (baos.toByteArray().length / 1024 > size) { // 循环判断如果压缩后图片是否大于100kb,大于继续压缩baos.reset();// 重置baos即清空baosif (imageType.equalsIgnoreCase("png")) {image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, options, baos);} else {image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);// 这里压缩options%,把压缩后的数据存放到baos中}options -= 10;// 每次都减少10}return baos.toByteArray();} catch (Exception e) {return null;}}public static String getImagePath(Context context, Uri uri, String selection) {String path = null;// 通过Uri和selection来获取真实的图片路径Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, null, selection, null, null);if (cursor != null) {if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));}cursor.close();}return path;}public static String getFilePathByUri(Context context, Uri uri) {String imagePath = null;if (context == null || uri == null) {return imagePath;}if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {// 如果是document类型的Uri,则通过document id处理String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);if ("com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {String id = docId.split(":")[1]; // 解析出数字格式的idString selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=" + id;imagePath = getImagePath(context, MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, selection);} else if ("com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(docId));imagePath = getImagePath(context, contentUri, null);}} else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// 如果是content类型的Uri,则使用普通方式处理imagePath = getImagePath(context, uri, null);} else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// 如果是file类型的Uri,直接获取图片路径即可imagePath = uri.getPath();}} else {if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// 如果是content类型的Uri,则使用普通方式处理imagePath = getImagePath(context, uri, null);} else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// 如果是file类型的Uri,直接获取图片路径即可imagePath = uri.getPath();}}return imagePath;}}
5、图片管理类
/*** 图片裁剪压缩工具* Created by mtf on 2019/4/26.*/public class ImageUtil {/*** 根据路径获得图片信息并按比例压缩,返回bitmap*/public static Bitmap getSmallBitmap(String filePath, int width, int height) {final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;// 只解析图片边沿,获取宽高BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filePath, options);if (width == 0) {width = options.outWidth;height = options.outHeight;}// 计算缩放比options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, width, height);// 完整解析图片返回bitmapoptions.inJustDecodeBounds = false;return BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filePath, options);}/*** 计算缩放比** @param options* @param reqWidth* @param reqHeight* @return*/private static int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {final int height = options.outHeight;final int width = options.outWidth;int inSampleSize = 1;if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {final int halfHeight = height / 2;final int halfWidth = width / 2;while ((halfHeight / inSampleSize) > reqHeight && (halfWidth / inSampleSize) > reqWidth) {inSampleSize *= 2;}}return inSampleSize;}/*** 质量压缩** @param image* @param size* @param imageType* @return*/public static byte[] compressImage(Bitmap image, int size, String imageType) {try {ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();if (imageType.equalsIgnoreCase("png")) {image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, baos);} else {image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, baos);// 质量压缩方法,这里100表示不压缩,把压缩后的数据存放到baos中}int options = 100;while (baos.toByteArray().length / 1024 > size) { // 循环判断如果压缩后图片是否大于100kb,大于继续压缩baos.reset();// 重置baos即清空baosif (imageType.equalsIgnoreCase("png")) {image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, options, baos);} else {image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);// 这里压缩options%,把压缩后的数据存放到baos中}options -= 10;// 每次都减少10}return baos.toByteArray();} catch (Exception e) {return null;}}public static String getImagePath(Context context, Uri uri, String selection) {String path = null;// 通过Uri和selection来获取真实的图片路径Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, null, selection, null, null);if (cursor != null) {if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));}cursor.close();}return path;}public static String getFilePathByUri(Context context, Uri uri) {String imagePath = null;if (context == null || uri == null) {return imagePath;}if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {// 如果是document类型的Uri,则通过document id处理String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);if ("com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {String id = docId.split(":")[1]; // 解析出数字格式的idString selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=" + id;imagePath = getImagePath(context, MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, selection);} else if ("com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(docId));imagePath = getImagePath(context, contentUri, null);}} else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// 如果是content类型的Uri,则使用普通方式处理imagePath = getImagePath(context, uri, null);} else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// 如果是file类型的Uri,直接获取图片路径即可imagePath = uri.getPath();}} else {if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// 如果是content类型的Uri,则使用普通方式处理imagePath = getImagePath(context, uri, null);} else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {// 如果是file类型的Uri,直接获取图片路径即可imagePath = uri.getPath();}}return imagePath;}}
6、7.0以上Provider设置
1.在AndroidManifest.xml中声明一个条目
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"package="com.mtf.picturemanage"><uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" /><!--相机权限--><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" /><!--写入SD卡的权限:保存相机拍照后的照片--><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /><!--读取SD卡的权限:打开相册选取图片所必须的权限--><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /><application...>...<providerandroid:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"android:authorities="com.mtf.picturemanage.provider"android:exported="false"android:grantUriPermissions="true"><meta-dataandroid:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"android:resource="@xml/filepaths" /></provider></application></manifest>
2、指定想分享的目录。在res目录下新建一个xml目录,在xml目录下面新建一个xml文件。我新建的文件名叫filepaths.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><paths><!-- 注意 name 的名称设置不可以相同,否则会报错--><!--代表外部存储区域的根目录下的文件 Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()/DCIM/camerademo目录--><external-path name="hm_DCIM" path="DCIM/camera" /><!--代表外部存储区域的根目录下的文件 Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()/Pictures/camerademo目录--><external-path name="hm_Pictures" path="Pictures/camera" /><!--代表app 私有的存储区域 Context.getFilesDir()目录下的images目录 /data/user/0/com.hm.camerademo/files/images--><files-path name="hm_private_files" path="images" /><!--代表app 私有的存储区域 Context.getCacheDir()目录下的images目录 /data/user/0/com.hm.camerademo/cache/images--><cache-path name="hm_private_cache" path="images" /><!--代表app 外部存储区域根目录下的文件 Context.getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES)目录下的Pictures目录--><!--/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.hm.camerademo/files/Pictures--><external-files-path name="hm_external_files" path="." /><!--代表app 外部存储区域根目录下的文件 Context.getExternalCacheDir目录下的images目录--><!--/storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.hm.camerademo/cache/images--><external-cache-path name="hm_external_cache" path="." /><root-path name="honjane" path="" /></paths>
7、简单使用实例
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private Button btCarmera;private ImageView ivPhoto;TakePictureManager selectPictureManager;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);btCarmera = findViewById(R.id.bt_carmera);ivPhoto = findViewById(R.id.iv_photo);selectPictureManager = new TakePictureManager(this).setCrop(true);//设置是否需要裁剪,默认不裁剪//点击按钮进行拍照btCarmera.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {selectPictureManager.takePhoto();}});selectPictureManager.setPictureSelectListner(new PicturePathListner() {@Overridepublic void onPictureSelect(String imagePath) {// 这里对照片进行了按比例压缩,根据项目需要可能还会进行质量压缩ivPhoto.setImageBitmap(ImageUtil.getSmallBitmap(imagePath, 358, 441));}});}@Overridepublic void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);selectPictureManager.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);}@Overridepublic void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);selectPictureManager.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);}/*** 退出时,删除临时图片*/@Overrideprotected void onDestroy() {super.onDestroy();FileUtils.DeleteFolder(FileUtils.TAKE_PIC_CACHE_PATH);System.gc();}}
(完)